However, the practice was disavowed by these groups in the Middle Ages, and polygamy generally has not been condoned by Jews or Christians in recent centuries. Still, polygamy sometimes was practiced by certain Christian sects, including by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints sometimes called Mormons in the U.
Some Mormon splinter groups still practice polygamy. Religion often plays a role in how polygamy is governed and practiced within a single country. In Nigeria, for example, polygamous marriage is not allowed at the federal level, but the prohibition only applies to civil marriages.
Twelve northern, Muslim-majority states do recognize these unions as Islamic or customary marriages. In India, Muslim men are allowed to marry multiple women, while men of other groups are not. However, in countries where polygamy is common, it often is practiced by people of all faiths. Polygamy usually takes the form of polygyny — when a man marries multiple women. Polyandry, which refers to wives having more than one husband, is even rarer than polygamy and mostly documented among small and relatively isolated communities around the world.
In Burkina Faso, for example, where polygamy is common, spouses must agree that a marriage will be polygamous at its outset for the husband to be allowed to take another wife in the future.
One-in-five U. Some small groups that split from the LDS Church still practice polygamy. Around the world, the legal status of polygamy varies. Societies either outlaw, accept or encourage polygamy. In those countries that accept or encourage polygamy, polygyny is most common. In countries where marriage is legally monogamous, de facto polygamy is allowed if adultery is not illegal.
In every country in North America and South America , polygamy is illegal, and practice is criminalized. In the United States, polygamy is illegal in all 50 states; however, in February , the Utah House and Senate reduced punishment for polygamy to the status of a traffic ticket.
All of Europe and Oceania , except for the Solomon Islands , do not recognize polygamist marriages. In Australia , polygamous marriage is outlawed, but polygamous relationships are common within some indigenous Australian communities. When she was an adult she started having sex with multiple partners who were all aware of each other.
In polyandry, the woman often initiates the relationships, and invites the husbands to join her union. Some pay the bride price, others opt to contribute to her livelihood. She has the power to remove a co-husband if she believes he is destabilising her other relationships. Prof Machoko said love was the main reason the men he interviewed said they had agreed to be co-husbands.
They did not want to risk losing their wife. Some men also referred to the fact that they did not satisfy their wives sexually, agreeing to the suggestion of a co-husband to avoid divorce or affairs. Another reason was infertility - some men consented to the wife taking another husband so that she could have children. In this way, the men "saved face" in public and avoided being stigmatised as "emasculated".
Prof Machoko said he was unaware of polyandrous marriages in South Africa. Nevertheless, gender rights activists have asked the government to legalise such unions in the interest of equality and choice, as the law currently permits a man to take more than one wife.
Their proposal has been included in a document - officially known as a Green Paper - that the government has released for public comment as it embarks on the biggest overhaul of marriage laws since white-minority rule ended in The document also proposes giving legal recognition to Muslim, Hindu, Jewish and Rastafarian marriages. There have also been reported cases of polyandry among the Massai people of Kenyan.
The practice of fraternal polyandry is common among the people Tibet in the Nepal parts of China and India. It is based on the belief that a child can have more than one father and usually when two or more brothers marry one woman, they all have equal sexual access to her. So they keep their small farmlands and properties big by getting married to the same woman.
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